Raws li cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam siab - cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, zoo siab tshaj tawm cov khoom xa tawm zoo500 kg ntawm Kover Tuberau South Kauslim. Qhov tseem ceeb no qhia txog lub tuam txhab muaj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev cog lus kom xa cov khoom saum toj kawg nkaus -tier thoob ntiaj teb.
Kovar yog ib qho nominal 29% Ni-17% Co-54% Fe alloy uas yog lub npe nrov iav-sealing alloy haum rau sealing rau cov iav tawv. Kovar muaj qhov nominal expansion coefficient ntawm kwv yees li 5 ppm /℃thiab inflection kub ntawm ~ 450℃(840℃F).
Kovar (ASTM F15) tau siv los ua hermetic seals nrog Pyrex tsom iav thiab cov khoom siv ceramic. Cov hlau no tau pom dav siv hauv cov raj fais fab, microwave tubes, transistors, thiab diodes. Hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, nws tau siv rau lub pob tiaj tiaj thiab ob lub - hauv - pob kab.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Qib | C% | P% | S% | Mn% | Si% | Cu% | Cr% | Mo% | Cov% | Ni% | Fe% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cov alloy | Max 0.03 | Max 0.02 | Max 0.02 | Max 0.50 | Max 0.30 | Max 0.20 | Max 0.20 | Max 0.20 | 16.8-17.8 | 28.5-29.5 | Bal. |
Mechanical Properties
| Daim ntawv | Mos | 1/4 Khob | 1/2 Nyhav | 3/4 Khob | Full Hard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kovar Strip | Max 570 | 520-630 | 590-900 | 600-770 | Min 700 |
| Cov Hlau | Max 585 | 585-725 | 655-795 | 725-860 | Tsawg kawg 860 |
Linear Coefficient ntawm Thermal Expansion ā, 10-6 / degree
| Qib | 20-200 degree | 20-300 degree | 20-400 degree | 20-450 degree | 20-500 degree | 20-600 degree | 20-700 degree | 20-800 degree |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cov alloy | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 10.2 |
Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Kovar:
Coefficient ntawm Thermal Expansion (CTE):
Kovar paub txog nwsTsawg coefficient ntawm thermal expansion(CTE), uas yognyob ze ntawm lub iav(kwv yees5.0 × 10⁻⁶ / degree). Cov cuab yeej no ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov ntawv thov uas nws xav taukaw rau iav, raws li nws nthuav dav thiab cog lus ntawm tib tus nqi thaum raug hloov pauv kub. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam xws li hluav taws xob, qhov twg cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab ntim nrog hermetically kom tsis txhob ya raws lossis cov kab mob nkag mus.
Kev sib xyaw:
Nickel (29-17%): Nickel yog lub ntsiab alloying hauv Kovar, pab txhawb rau nwsmagnetic zogthiabtiv thaiv corrosion.
Cobalt (17-20%): Cobalt yog thawj alloying thib ob, pab txhawb rau cov alloythermal expansion zogthiab txhim kho nws tag nrhozogthiabruaj khov.
Hlau (Balance): Hlau yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Kovar, ua rau ntau ntawm cov hlau muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Lwm yam ntsiab lus: Me me ntawmmanganese, silicon, thiabcarbontau ntxiv los txhim kho cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws lizog, machinability, thiabcorrosion kuj.
Magnetic Properties:
Cov khoom pov thawjferromagneticcov khoom, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov ntawv thov uas cov hlau nplaum tseem ceeb, xws li hauvmagnetic sensors, lub cev muaj zog, thiabsib nqus sealing. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum siv Kovar hauv cov ntawv thov nyob qhov twgtsis yog- cov khoom sib nqusyuav tsum tau.
Lub zog thiab Hardness:
Lub zog nruab nrab: Kovar muab qhov sib npaug zoo ntawmzogthiabductility. Nws muaj zog txaus rau kev siv cov txheej txheem tab sis tseem tuav tau txausductilitykom tau yooj yim fabricated thiab kaw.
Hardness: Kovar muaj qhov nyuaj me ntsis, ua rau nws yooj yim rau tshuab thiab ua rau cov duab xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li ntau lwm cov alloys, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hnyav hauv qee yam mob.
Weldability thiab Machinability:
Weldability: Covweldablesiv cov txheej txheem tsoos xws liTIG welding(Tungsten Inert Gas) thiabMIG vuam(Hlau Inert Gas), tab sis nws yuav tsum tau tswj tej yam kev mob vim nws kuj tsawgthermal conductivitythiab siabcov ntsiab lus carbon.
Machineability: Kovar kuj yooj yim rau tshuab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv nwsannealed(softened) daim ntawv. Nws tuaj yeem raug laum, tig, thiab milled, txawm hais tias yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum ua haujlwm nrog nws ntawm qib siab dua kom tsis txhob hnav cov cuab yeej.
Corrosion Resistance:
Kovar muaj ibnruab nrab tiv thaiv corrosionvim nws cov ntsiab lus nickel. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis zoo li corrosion- tiv taus ib yam li lwm yam siab - kev ua haujlwm zoo li stainless hlau. Hauv ntau daim ntawv thov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw raug mob hnyav, Kovar yuav xav tau cov txheej txheem ntxiv lossis kev kho saum npoo los txhim kho nws cov kav ntev.
Thermal conductivity:
Tsawg Thermal conductivity: Kovar muaj qhov qisthermal conductivity, ua rau nws haum rau kev siv qhov twgthermal rwb thaiv tsevyog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov cuab yeej no kuj pab txo taukub poobhauvelectronic ntimdaim ntawv thov.
Kev siv ntawm Kovar:
Electronic Cheebtsam:
Hermetic Seals: Kovar yog siv dav hauvhermetic sealing daim ntawv thov, zoo li hauvlub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum, semiconductor pob khoom, cov khoom sib txuas, thiabhluav taws xob feedthroughs. Nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo nrog iav thiab tswj qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rauiav-rau- hlau foob.
High -Kev Ua Haujlwm Electronics: Kovar yog siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, xws li hauvsiab -cov khoom muaj kev ntseeg siabrau tub rog, aerospace, thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas lus.
Aerospace:
Hauv aerospace, Kovar yog siv rau cov khoom uas raug rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab yuav tsum tau uakaw rau iavlos yogcov ntaub ntawv ceramic. Cov no suav nrogcov khoom siv satellite, missile systems, thiabaerospace sensors.
Thaum tshav kub kub Shields: Vim nws tsis tshua muaj thermal expansion, Kovar kuj siv rau hauvheat shield assemblieshauvkev siv aerospace.
Cov cuab yeej Precision:
Kovar yog siv nyob rau hauvprecision ntsuasuas yuav tsum tau txhim khu kev qhakub stabilitythiabhermetic sealing, zoo lisensors, cov khoom siv microwave, thiabprecision machinery.
Lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum:
Kovar feem ntau siv hauvlub tshuab nqus tsev vacuumthiabcov khoom siv hluav taws xobtsim los siv nyob rau hauv siab -nqus ib puag ncig. Nws muaj peev xwm tsimcov ntsaws ruaj ruajnrog iav hauv qablub tshuab nqus tsevua rau nws yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb rau cov tshuab no.
Tub rog thiab Defense:
Kovar yog siv rau hauvtub rog thiab tiv thaivkev siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom uas yuav tsum tausealingnyob rau hauv hnyav tej yam kev mob, xws li nyob rau hauvradar systems, kev taw qhia systems, thiabmissile electronics.
Cov cuab yeej kho mob:
Kovar kuj tuaj yeem pom hauvkhoom siv kho mobuas xav taukev ntseeg siabthiabhermetic sealing, zoo li hauvcov pacemakersthiabimplantable sensors.
Variants ntawm Kovar:
Kev 29: Nov yog daim ntawv ntau tshaj ntawm Kovar, muaj29% npib tsib xee, 17-20% cobalt yog ', thiab qhov seem yoghlau.
Kev 49: Ib tug variant ntawm Kovar nrog49% npib tsib xeecov ntsiab lus, tsim los muab lub zog zoo dua thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion rau kev thov ntau dua.
